How do I pull a package / deb file from an apt server on a mac?

How do I pull a package / deb file from an apt server on a mac?

How can I programmatically pull down the latest deb file for an apt
package and extract the contents in order to be able to access a script
therein? I want this to work on a mac with the standard suite of tools
(i.e. no apt-get or apt-cache).
Background: My simulation project uses client code to execute. The host
simulation tool runs on a linux environment and is managed through an
internal apt server. One colleague is using apt-get on his linux box to
install the package and then is sending a single file to us. I want our
client to do this programmatically in a way that will work on mac clients.
I have dry run the process (see example answer), but I am surprised nobody
has talked about this already.
Any recommendations on how best to do this?